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Subcellular localization of APMCF1 and its biological significance of expression pattern in normal and malignant
Yaqing Zhang1, Qinlong Li, Feng Zhu
1Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Province, PR China. fuluomuche@163.com
Background:
APMCF1 is a novel human gene first cloned from apoptotic MCF-7 cells. Our previous study found ectogenic APMCF1 could induce G1 arrest in hepatocarcinoma cell line HHCC. In order to search its broad expression profile for further understanding of its mechanism in tumor, we investigated a subcellular location of APMCF1 and performed an immunohistochemistry study including various tumor and normal tissues. Discovery from the expression characterization of AMPCF1 may have applicability in the analysis of its biological function in tumor.
Methods:
We investigated subcellular localization of APMCF1 by transient transfection in green monkey kidney epithelial cells (COS-7) with a fusion protein vector pEGFP-APMCF1 and detected expression profile in a broad range of normal and malignant human tissues via tissue microarray (TMA) by immunohistochemistry with polyclonal antibody first produced in our laboratory.
Results:
EGFP-APMCF1 was generally localized in the cytoplasm of COS-7 cell. Positive staining of APMCF1 was found in liver, lung, breast, colon, stomach, esophagus and testis, exhibited a ubiquitous expression pattern while its expression was up-regulated in tumor tissues compared with corresponding normal tissues. Normal brain neuron cells also showed expression of APMCF1, but negative in gliocyte cells and glioma. Both the normal and tumor tissues of ovary were absent of APMCF1 expression. Positive immunostaining for APMCF1 with large samples in liver, colon, esophagus, lung and breast carcinomas were 96% (51/53), 80% (44/55), 57% (30/53), 58% (33/57) and 34% (16/47) respectively.
Conclusion:
These results revealed a cytoplastic expression pattern of APMCF1 and up-regulated in tumour tissues suggesting APMCF1 may have potential relationship with oncogenesis. The data presented should serve as a useful reference for further studies of APMCF1 functions in tumorigenesis and might provide a potential anti-tumor target.
Insights
The novel human gene APMCF1 is found in the cytoplasm and is upregulated in various tumor tissues, suggesting a potential role in oncogenesis and as an anti-tumor target.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
- Gene Expression Analysis
Background:
- APMCF1 is a novel human gene identified in apoptotic MCF-7 cells.
- Previous research indicated APMCF1 induces G1 arrest in hepatocarcinoma cells.
- Understanding APMCF1's expression profile is crucial for elucidating its role in tumor development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the subcellular localization of APMCF1.
- To investigate the expression profile of APMCF1 across various human normal and tumor tissues.
- To explore the potential of APMCF1 in cancer research and as a therapeutic target.
Main Methods:
- Subcellular localization was assessed using transient transfection of COS-7 cells with EGFP-APMCF1 fusion protein.
- Tissue microarray (TMA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were employed to analyze APMCF1 expression in diverse human tissues.
- A polyclonal antibody was specifically produced for APMCF1 detection.
Main Results:
- APMCF1 predominantly localized to the cytoplasm in COS-7 cells.
- APMCF1 exhibited ubiquitous expression in normal tissues like liver, lung, breast, colon, stomach, esophagus, and testis.
- Expression of APMCF1 was significantly upregulated in tumor tissues compared to their normal counterparts, with high positive rates in liver (96%) and colon (80%) carcinomas.
Conclusions:
- APMCF1 displays cytoplasmic expression and is upregulated in tumors, indicating a potential link to oncogenesis.
- The findings suggest APMCF1 may serve as a valuable reference for future studies on tumorigenesis.
- APMCF1 presents a potential target for anti-tumor therapies.
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