Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 13, 2026

Real-time Imaging of Leukotriene B4 Mediated Cell Migration and BLT1 Interactions with β-arrestin
Published on: December 23, 2010
IL-1 receptors: structure and signals
1Department of Pediatrics (Division of Hematology-Oncology, New England Medical Center), Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.
Abstract:
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a polypeptide hormone produced by a wide variety of cells in response to immunologic challenge. It appears to play a vital role not only in the generation of an appropriate immune response but also in the pathogenesis of several disease states. The mechanism(s) by which it exerts a number of biological effects on target cells are poorly understood. At least one membrane receptor for IL-1 has been cloned and purified, although it is clear that other receptor proteins exist that have yet to be characterized completely. The current state of knowledge of the biochemistry of IL-1 receptor proteins and their possible function is discussed, with particular emphasis on transmembrane signalling in T lymphocytes.
Related Concept Videos
Autocrine Signaling
Internal Receptors
Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway
Activation of Integrins
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding events provide an effective stimulus.
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways

