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Related Concept Videos

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
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Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Isolation, Culture, and Imaging of Human Fetal Pancreatic Cell Clusters
08:09

Isolation, Culture, and Imaging of Human Fetal Pancreatic Cell Clusters

Published on: May 18, 2014

The quest for physiologic insulin replacement.

David R Owens1

  • 1Diabetes Research Unit, Llandough Hospital, Penarth, Vale of Glamorgan, Cardiff, Wales CF64 2XX, United Kingdom. owensdr@cf.ac.uk

Postgraduate Medicine
|August 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New insulin analogues offer improved diabetes management by better mimicking natural insulin secretion. These advancements provide safer and more flexible treatment options for patients, helping to achieve normal blood sugar levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Traditional insulin replacement therapy aims to mimic basal and prandial insulin secretion.
  • Conventional insulin preparations have variable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, making physiological mimicry challenging.
  • Balancing glycemic control with the risk of hypoglycemia is a significant challenge in diabetes management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of novel insulin analogues in simulating physiological insulin secretion.
  • To assess the safety and flexibility of new insulin analogues in diabetes treatment regimens.

Main Methods:

  • Development of insulin analogues using recombinant DNA technology.
  • Characterization of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of rapid-acting (lispro, aspart, glulisine) and long-acting (glargine, detemir) insulin analogues.

Main Results:

  • Insulin analogues exhibit time-action profiles that more closely approximate physiological basal and prandial insulin secretion.
  • These analogues facilitate easier, safer, and more flexible diabetes treatment regimens.
  • Improved mimicry of insulin secretion patterns contributes to better glycemic control.

Conclusions:

  • Recombinant DNA technology has enabled the development of insulin analogues with improved therapeutic profiles.
  • Insulin analogues represent a significant advancement in insulin replacement therapy for diabetes mellitus.
  • These novel preparations offer enhanced safety and flexibility, improving patient outcomes and quality of life.