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Related Concept Videos

The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue

Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts— that give the...
Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Method to Study the Correlation Between Local Collagen Structure and Mechanical Properties of Atherosclerotic Plaque Fibrous Tissue
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A Method to Study the Correlation Between Local Collagen Structure and Mechanical Properties of Atherosclerotic Plaque Fibrous Tissue

Published on: November 11, 2022

Bone architecture: collagen structure and calcium/phosphorus maps.

Margaret Tzaphlidou1

  • 1Department of Medical Physics, Medical School, Ioannina University, 45110, Ioannina, Greece. mtzaphli@uoi.gr

Journal of Biological Physics
|August 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Pathological bone tissue shows altered collagen structures and fibril abnormalities. These changes correlate with the skeletal calcium/phosphorus ratio, assessed via advanced imaging techniques.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Research
  • Connective Tissue Biology

Background:

  • Bone health is crucial for skeletal integrity.
  • Collagen is the primary organic matrix in bone, providing structural support.
  • Pathological conditions can alter bone microarchitecture, affecting its mechanical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fine structure of bone collagen in normal versus pathological tissues.
  • To correlate observed collagen structural changes with the skeletal calcium/phosphorus ratio.
  • To understand the implications of these changes for bone pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Thin section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for ultrastructural analysis.
  • Morphometry to quantify collagen fibril characteristics (arrangement, diameter).
  • X-ray absorptiometry and computed microtomography (CMT) for skeletal calcium/phosphorus ratio determination.

Main Results:

  • Pathological bone tissues exhibit significant deviations in collagen fibril arrangement compared to normal tissues.
  • Abnormalities in collagen fibril diameter were observed in pathological samples.
  • These structural alterations in bone collagen are related to the measured skeletal calcium/phosphorus ratio.

Conclusions:

  • Alterations in bone collagen structure are characteristic of pathological bone conditions.
  • The skeletal calcium/phosphorus ratio is linked to collagen fibril abnormalities.
  • TEM and advanced imaging provide insights into bone matrix pathology.