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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocol for Stroke Onset Time Estimation in Permanent Cerebral Ischemia
09:59

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocol for Stroke Onset Time Estimation in Permanent Cerebral Ischemia

Published on: September 16, 2017

Sodium imaging intensity increases with time after human ischemic stroke.

Muhammad S Hussain1, Robert W Stobbe, Yusuf A Bhagat

  • 1Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Annals of Neurology
|August 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sodium magnetic resonance imaging shows increased signal intensity in ischemic stroke lesions over time. This noninvasive technique may serve as a novel biomarker for stroke progression and onset time determination.

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

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Integrated Photoacoustic, Ultrasound, and Angiographic Tomography (PAUSAT) for NonInvasive Whole-Brain Imaging of Ischemic Stroke
06:45

Integrated Photoacoustic, Ultrasound, and Angiographic Tomography (PAUSAT) for NonInvasive Whole-Brain Imaging of Ischemic Stroke

Published on: June 2, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Accurate determination of stroke onset time is critical for effective acute stroke management.
  • Current imaging techniques lack the ability to precisely determine stroke onset time.
  • Previous animal studies suggested a correlation between sodium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity and stroke onset time, but this remained unconfirmed in human stroke.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between sodium signal intensity within ischemic lesions and the time elapsed since stroke symptom onset in human patients.
  • To test the hypothesis that sodium signal intensity increases with time from symptom onset in human ischemic stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-one acute stroke patients were scanned between 4 and 104 hours post-symptom onset, with follow-up scans in 10 patients.
  • High-resolution sodium MRI was performed at 4.7 Tesla, in addition to a standard 1.5 Tesla imaging protocol.
  • Relative sodium signal intensity within the ischemic lesion was quantified by comparing it to the contralateral healthy tissue.

Main Results:

  • Sodium MRI provided sufficient image quality to visualize acute lesions of varying volumes (1.7-217 cm³).
  • A nonlinear increase in relative sodium signal intensity within lesions was observed over time post-stroke onset.
  • Lesions scanned within 7 hours showed a signal increase of ≤10%, while those beyond 9 hours exhibited increases of ≥23%, eventually plateauing around 69% ± 18%.

Conclusions:

  • Increased sodium signal intensity in ischemic lesions correlates with the time elapsed since stroke onset.
  • Noninvasive sodium MRI shows potential as a novel metabolic biomarker for assessing stroke progression.
  • This imaging modality may offer a new approach to determining stroke onset time.