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Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
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Electrically polarized HAp-coated Ti: in vitro bone cell-material interactions.

Subhadip Bodhak1, Susmita Bose, Amit Bandyopadhyay

  • 1W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.

Acta Biomaterialia
|August 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Negatively charged hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings promote bone cell adhesion and differentiation. This study shows surface polarity significantly impacts bone cell response, offering insights for enhanced biomaterials.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Electrically polarized hydroxyapatite (HAp) compacts promote bone regeneration in vivo.
  • Understanding surface charge effects on HAp is crucial for developing effective bone biomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of surface charge and polarity on in vitro bone cell behavior on HAp-coated titanium.
  • To evaluate the influence of electrical polarization on HAp coating bioactivity and osteoblast response.

Main Methods:

  • Sol-gel derived HAp coatings on titanium were electrically polarized using a DC field.
  • In vitro bioactivity was assessed using simulated body fluid immersion.
  • Human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) cells were cultured to study adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation.

Main Results:

  • Negatively charged HAp surfaces demonstrated accelerated mineralization and enhanced hFOB cell attachment and proliferation.
  • Positive charges on HAp surfaces limited apatite nucleation and cellular response.
  • Immunochemistry and confocal microscopy revealed increased vinculin and alkaline phosphatase expression on negatively charged surfaces, indicating enhanced cell adhesion and early differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • Surface polarity of electrically polarized HAp coatings significantly influences bone cell interactions.
  • Negatively charged HAp surfaces promote superior bone cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation compared to non-polarized or positively charged surfaces.
  • These findings are process-independent and applicable to various HAp coating techniques for orthopedic applications.