Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same frequency...
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of information more...
Problem-Solving: Tuning of a Guitar String01:04

Problem-Solving: Tuning of a Guitar String

In the case of stringed instruments like the guitar, the elastic property that determines the speed of the sound produced is its linear mass density or the mass per unit length. This is simply called the linear density. If the string's linear density is constant along the string, then the linear density is simply the total mass divided by the total length.
The string's wave speed can be regulated by varying the linear density. Tension is the other property that determines the speed of...
Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

babebi: An R Package for Bayesian Estimation and Validation in Small-N Two-Rater Pre-Post Designs.

Applied psychological measurement·2026
Same author

How experiencing eudaimonic emotions through music shapes prosocial and altruistic behavior: introducing a Unified Model of Music-Listening-Induced Eudaimonia (UMMIE).

Frontiers in cognition·2026
Same author

Rapid e-Delphi Design of a Survey on Student Lifestyles, Psychological, and Contextual Factors Integrating the World Mental Health International College Student Assessment in the Italian Higher Education Setting.

International journal of methods in psychiatric research·2026
Same author

Navigating national acute trauma: Developing and implementing a crisis mental health service for evacuated civilians following the October 7, 2023, attack in Israel.

Psychiatry research·2026
Same author

Bridging the Communication Gap: Pragmatics and Interactional Dynamics in Deaf and Hard of Hearing Children.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2026
Same author

Pathways for learning arithmetic: Distinct dynamics for associative and procedural acquisition.

Cognition·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

fMRI Mapping of Brain Activity Associated with the Vocal Production of Consonant and Dissonant Intervals
11:15

fMRI Mapping of Brain Activity Associated with the Vocal Production of Consonant and Dissonant Intervals

Published on: May 23, 2017

Memory for tonal pitches: a music-length effect hypothesis.

Lilach Akiva-Kabiri1, Tomaso Vecchi, Roni Granot

  • 1Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. lilach.akiva@gmail.com

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|August 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study explored musical working memory (WM) by adapting the word length effect. Findings suggest musical WM uses strategies like chunking and rehearsal, influenced by sequence length and presentation speed.

More Related Videos

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

A Lightweight, Headphones-based System for Manipulating Auditory Feedback in Songbirds
10:13

A Lightweight, Headphones-based System for Manipulating Auditory Feedback in Songbirds

Published on: November 26, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

fMRI Mapping of Brain Activity Associated with the Vocal Production of Consonant and Dissonant Intervals
11:15

fMRI Mapping of Brain Activity Associated with the Vocal Production of Consonant and Dissonant Intervals

Published on: May 23, 2017

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

A Lightweight, Headphones-based System for Manipulating Auditory Feedback in Songbirds
10:13

A Lightweight, Headphones-based System for Manipulating Auditory Feedback in Songbirds

Published on: November 26, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Auditory Perception
  • Musical Cognition

Background:

  • Verbal working memory (WM) is significantly affected by word length.
  • The mechanisms of musical working memory are less understood.
  • Investigating parallels between verbal and musical WM can elucidate memory processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature of musical working memory.
  • To replicate the 'word length effect' in the domain of music.
  • To determine if musical sequences are processed similarly to verbal lists.

Main Methods:

  • A recognition task involving tone sequences was designed.
  • Sequence length and rate of presentation were systematically manipulated.
  • Participant responses were analyzed to identify memory strategies.

Main Results:

  • Significant effects of both sequence length and presentation rate were observed.
  • A significant interaction between length and presentation rate was found.
  • These findings indicate distinct memory strategies are employed for musical information.

Conclusions:

  • Musical working memory is influenced by sequence length, akin to verbal WM.
  • Strategies such as chunking and rehearsal appear to be utilized in musical WM.
  • The employed memory strategies are dependent on the length of the musical sequences.