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Hepatitis A risk in travelers
Helena H Askling1, Lars Rombo, Yvonne Andersson
1Department of Medicine/Unit for Infectious Diseases, Solna, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden. helena.hervius-askling@karolinska.se
Journal of Travel Medicine
|August 14, 2009
Summary
Travelers visiting friends and relatives (VFR) in hepatitis A endemic areas, particularly children, face a high risk of infection. Unvaccinated tourists traveling to East Asia have a low risk of hepatitis A.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Travel Medicine
Background:
- Increasing travel to hepatitis A endemic regions globally.
- Low documented immunization rates among travelers to these areas.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the incidence of travel-related hepatitis A in Sweden.
- To identify high-risk traveler demographics and destinations.
- To assess hepatitis A immunization coverage in travelers.
Main Methods:
- Population-based study using Swedish communicable disease notifications (1997-2005).
- Analysis of national travel pattern data.
- Inclusion of airport-based immunization data from 2007.
Main Results:
- 636 travel-related hepatitis A cases identified.
- Highest incidence rates observed for travel to East Africa (14.1/100,000 person-months), Middle East (5.8), and India (5.6).
- Visiting Friends and Relatives (VFR) travelers, especially children (0-14 years), represented the majority of cases in high-incidence regions.
Conclusions:
- VFR travelers, particularly children, are a high-risk group for hepatitis A acquisition in endemic areas.
- Unprotected tourists traveling to East Asia demonstrate a low risk of hepatitis A infection.
- Hepatitis A vaccination rates among travelers in 2007 were 79%.
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