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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
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Overview
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Conditioned Taste Aversion01:14

Conditioned Taste Aversion

Conditioned taste aversion, also known as sauce béarnaise syndrome, is a phenomenon in which an individual develops an aversion to a certain food taste following a negative experience, typically illness. This form of aversion is a type of classical conditioning in which the taste of the food (conditioned stimulus, CS) is associated with the experience of illness (unconditioned stimulus, UCS).
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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...

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Zebrafish Animal Model for the Study of Allergic Reactions in Response to Tick Saliva Biomolecules
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Published on: September 16, 2022

Shellfish allergy in children.

Roshni M Kandyil1, Carla M Davis

  • 1Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology : Official Publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|August 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Shellfish allergy is a common food allergy in children and adults, often causing anaphylaxis. This review highlights three pediatric cases, emphasizing the need for prompt epinephrine treatment for IgE-mediated reactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Pediatric Allergy
  • Food Hypersensitivity

Background:

  • Food allergies impact 3.5-4.0% globally, with eight major allergens causing over 90% of childhood allergies.
  • Shellfish allergy is prevalent and persistent, a significant cause of food-induced anaphylaxis worldwide in both children and adults.
  • Children with shellfish allergy frequently exhibit co-sensitivities to dust mite and cockroach allergens.

Observation:

  • While diagnostic cut-off levels for skin prick testing exist for shrimp allergy in children, specific serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) values are not established.
  • Patients experiencing IgE-mediated reactions to shellfish require immediate prescription of epinephrine autoinjectors, irrespective of initial symptom severity.
  • This study presents a review of three distinct clinical cases detailing the presentation of shellfish allergy in pediatric patients.

Findings:

  • The review focuses on the clinical manifestations of shellfish allergy in children.
  • It underscores the importance of recognizing shellfish allergy as a serious condition.
  • The cases illustrate the varied ways shellfish allergy can present in young patients.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and management of shellfish allergy are crucial for preventing severe reactions.
  • The findings emphasize the need for accessible diagnostic tools and clear treatment guidelines for pediatric shellfish allergy.
  • Healthcare providers should be vigilant in identifying and managing shellfish allergy, ensuring patients have access to life-saving epinephrine autoinjectors.