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Porphyromonas gingivalis as a Model Organism for Assessing Interaction of Anaerobic Bacteria with Host Cells

Porphyromonas gingivalis as a Model Organism for Assessing Interaction of Anaerobic Bacteria with Host Cells

Published on: December 17, 2015

Porphyromonas gingivalis strain diversity.

Christina O Igboin¹, Ann L Griffen, Eugene J Leys

¹Division of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology

|August 14, 2009

Summary

Porphyromonas gingivalis genetic diversity was analyzed worldwide using ribosomal operon intergenic spacer region (ISR) typing and whole-genome comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Six predominant P. gingivalis types were identified globally, correlating with disease phenotypes.

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Published on: May 21, 2015

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Genetics
Oral Health

Background:

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a key bacterium in chronic periodontitis.
Previous studies indicated genetic variability among P. gingivalis strains, but the extent and specific variable regions were unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the global genetic diversity and distribution of P. gingivalis strains.
To comprehensively examine genomic variability in P. gingivalis using whole-genome analysis.

Main Methods:

Heteroduplex analysis of the ribosomal operon intergenic spacer region (ISR) was used for strain typing in diverse global populations.
Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was employed to analyze the genomes of prevalent P. gingivalis strains.

Main Results:

Six predominant, geographically widespread P. gingivalis heteroduplex types (≥5% prevalence) and 14 rare types (<2% prevalence) were identified globally.
Comparative genomic hybridization revealed 133 genes in strain W83 divergent across other strains.
Genomic relatedness strongly correlated with ISR sequence-based relatedness and disease-associated phenotypes.

Conclusions:

Significant global genetic diversity exists within P. gingivalis strains.
Genome content variation is linked to P. gingivalis phenotypes, offering insights into periodontitis etiology.