Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Competences of internal medicine specialists for the management of patients with multimorbidity. EFIM multimorbidity working group position paper.

European journal of internal medicine·2023

Same author

Depressive symptoms, but not anxiety, predict subsequent diagnosis of Coronavirus disease 19: a national cohort study.

Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences·2022

Same author

Perspectives of European internists on multimorbidity. A multinational survey.

European journal of internal medicine·2022

Same author

Parallel processing in human visual cortex revealed through the influence of their neural responses on the visual evoked potential.

Vision research·2022

Same author

Comorbidities Associated with Worse Outcomes Among Inpatients Admitted for Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

Digestive diseases and sciences·2021

Same author

Depression is independently associated with increased length of stay and readmissions in multimorbid inpatients.

European journal of internal medicine·2019

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Modified In Vivo Matrix Gel Plug Assay for Angiogenesis Studies

Modified In Vivo Matrix Gel Plug Assay for Angiogenesis Studies

Published on: June 30, 2023

Angiogenesis and hypertension: an update.

R Humar¹, L Zimmerli, E Battegay

¹Division and Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.

Journal of Human Hypertension

|August 14, 2009

Summary

Microvascular rarefaction, a loss of small blood vessels, is common in hypertension and worsens the condition. Therapies targeting this vascular remodeling may offer new treatments for high blood pressure.

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Biology
Hypertension Research
Angiogenesis Studies

Background:

Microvascular rarefaction, characterized by a loss of terminal arterioles and capillaries, is a hallmark of most forms of hypertension.
This vascular remodeling exacerbates peripheral resistance, worsening hypertension and target organ damage.
In genetically predisposed individuals, microvascular loss can precede hypertension development.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the intricate relationship between microvascular remodeling, angiogenesis, and hypertension.
To synthesize current experimental and clinical evidence on anti-hypertensive and angiogenic therapies in relation to hypertension and microvascular structure.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on microvascular remodeling in hypertension.

More Related Videos

Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography

Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography

Published on: June 7, 2013

The Arteriovenous (AV) Loop in a Small Animal Model to Study Angiogenesis and Vascularized Tissue Engineering

The Arteriovenous (AV) Loop in a Small Animal Model to Study Angiogenesis and Vascularized Tissue Engineering

Published on: November 2, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Modified In Vivo Matrix Gel Plug Assay for Angiogenesis Studies

Modified In Vivo Matrix Gel Plug Assay for Angiogenesis Studies

Published on: June 30, 2023

Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography

Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography

Published on: June 7, 2013

The Arteriovenous (AV) Loop in a Small Animal Model to Study Angiogenesis and Vascularized Tissue Engineering

The Arteriovenous (AV) Loop in a Small Animal Model to Study Angiogenesis and Vascularized Tissue Engineering

Published on: November 2, 2016

Analysis of clinical trial data concerning anti-hypertensive, pro-angiogenic, and anti-angiogenic therapies.

Examination of the balance between angiogenesis and microvascular regression in hypertensive states.

Main Results:

Microvascular rarefaction is prevalent in hypertension, increasing vascular resistance and organ damage.
Anti-angiogenic therapies, used in cancer treatment, can induce or worsen hypertension by causing microvascular rarefaction.
Classic anti-hypertensive therapies with vasodilator properties may reverse hypertension-associated microvascular rarefaction.

Conclusions:

Reversing microvascular rarefaction presents a potential therapeutic strategy for hypertension.
Targeted pro-angiogenic treatments for hypertension are still in early developmental stages.
Long-term use of vasodilating anti-hypertensive drugs can improve hypertension-related microvascular rarefaction.