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Measles associated with coronary arteritis.

Y Takano¹, H Manabe, Y Aoyama

¹Department of Pathology, Odawara Municipal Hospital, Japan.

Virchows Archiv. A, Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology

|January 1, 1990

Summary

Measles virus (MV) infection, in a child with chronic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), led to fatal coronary aneurysmal arteritis. This case suggests MV may cause severe vasculitis in immunosuppressed individuals.

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Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Pathology

Background:

Chronic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection can lead to immunosuppression.
Measles virus (MV) is a known cause of acute illness, but its role in chronic or severe vasculitis is less understood.

Observation:

A two-year-old girl with concurrent MV and chronic EBV infections presented with lethal coronary aneurysmal arteritis.
Pathological examination revealed MV presence in coronary arteries, lungs, and aorta, with characteristic inclusion bodies and giant cells.
Systemic involvement included giant cell pneumonia, lymphadenitis, and hepatosplenomegaly.

Findings:

Electron microscopy and immunofluorescence confirmed MV dissemination in multiple organs.
Southern blot hybridization confirmed EBV presence in a lymph node.

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This is the first reported case linking MV to coronary aneurysmal arteritis.

Implications:

Measles virus may trigger severe vasculitis in immunocompromised states, such as chronic EBV infection.
This finding highlights the potential for MV to cause severe, atypical disease presentations.
Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of MV-induced vasculitis in immunosuppressed patients.