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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Labeling of Extracellular Vesicles for Monitoring Migration and Uptake in Cartilage Explants

Labeling of Extracellular Vesicles for Monitoring Migration and Uptake in Cartilage Explants

Published on: October 4, 2021

Articular cartilage vesicles contain RNA.

Elizabeth Mitton¹, Claudia M Gohr, Mark T McNally

¹The Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53295, USA.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

|August 15, 2009

Summary

Articular cartilage matrix vesicles (ACVs) shuttle messenger RNA (mRNA) between cells, suggesting novel functions beyond mineralization in cartilage. This discovery opens new avenues for understanding cartilage biology and disease.

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Extracellular Vesicles

Background:

Articular cartilage matrix vesicles (ACVs) are known to be involved in cartilage mineralization.
Their function in normal cartilage is not well understood, beyond mineralization.
Recent findings suggest extracellular vesicles can transfer RNA between cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the presence and function of RNA within ACVs.
To determine if ACVs can transfer functional mRNA to chondrocytes.

Main Methods:

ACVs were isolated from normal porcine and human articular cartilage and chondrocyte conditioned media.
RNA content was analyzed using RT-PCR.
RNase resistance and transfer of RNA to chondrocytes were assessed.

Main Results:

ACVs contained significant amounts of RNA, including full-length mRNAs for key cartilage proteins.
RNA within ACVs was protected from RNase degradation.
Transfer of ACV RNA to chondrocytes altered chondrocyte enzyme and protein levels.

Conclusions:

ACVs contain and protect mRNA, suggesting a role in intercellular genetic information transfer.
These findings indicate novel functions for ACVs in articular cartilage beyond mineralization.
ACVs may play a role in regulating chondrocyte function and cartilage homeostasis.