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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

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Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
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The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma happens...

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Retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy for pyonephrotic nonfunctioning kidney.

Ashok K Hemal1, Saurabh Mishra

  • 1Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. ahemal@wfubmc.edu

Urology
|August 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy (RPN) is a safe and effective treatment for infected, nonfunctioning kidneys. This minimally invasive approach offers successful outcomes with manageable complications for patients requiring nephrectomy.

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Published on: November 22, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Pyonephrotic nonfunctioning kidneys present significant clinical challenges.
  • Management often requires nephrectomy, with minimally invasive options being increasingly explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy (RPN) for pyonephrotic nonfunctioning kidneys.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of RPN in this specific patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of 52 patients undergoing RPN for pyonephrotic nonfunctioning kidneys between July 2001 and May 2007.
  • Preoperative percutaneous nephrostomy drainage was utilized in 46 patients due to sepsis; 6 patients underwent RPN without prior diversion.
  • Patient demographics, operative details, complications, and recovery metrics were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • RPN was successfully completed in 88.5% (46/52) of patients.
  • Conversion to open surgery was required in 6 patients (1 emergent, 5 elective).
  • Complications included Clavien grades I, II, and IIIb; one patient required blood transfusion. Mean hospital stay was 3.6 days.

Conclusions:

  • Retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy is a feasible, reliable, and successful surgical option for treating pyonephrotic nonfunctioning kidneys.
  • Despite technical challenges, RPN provides a safe and effective alternative to open surgery.