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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis: An Intraocular Inflammatory Mouse Model
07:40

Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis: An Intraocular Inflammatory Mouse Model

Published on: January 12, 2022

Exercise-induced vasculitis associated with autoimmune disease.

Keith Allen Knoell1

  • 1University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, USA. nan07@earthlink.net

Cutis
|August 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exercised-induced vasculitis (EIV) is often misdiagnosed. This case highlights EIV as a potential indicator of underlying autoimmune conditions, even in seemingly healthy individuals.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis: An Intraocular Inflammatory Mouse Model
07:40

Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis: An Intraocular Inflammatory Mouse Model

Published on: January 12, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Exercised-induced vasculitis (EIV) is an underrecognized condition affecting lower extremities post-exercise.
  • While often isolated, EIV can be associated with other systemic diseases.
  • Accurate diagnosis of EIV and its underlying causes is crucial for patient management.

Observation:

  • A 65-year-old woman with a complex medical history presented with recurrent EIV.
  • Her history included dermatitis herpetiformis, elevated liver enzymes, microscopic colitis, celiac disease, miscarriages, and heart block.
  • Autoimmune hepatitis was diagnosed during the workup for her EIV rash.

Findings:

  • Both EIV and autoimmune hepatitis were misdiagnosed for many years.
  • The patient's family history revealed sisters with systemic lupus erythematosus and similar exercise-induced rashes.
  • This suggests a potential familial predisposition or genetic link to EIV and related autoimmune disorders.

Implications:

  • Clinicians must consider EIV in the differential diagnosis of exercise-related rashes.
  • EIV may serve as an early sign of subclinical connective tissue diseases or autoimmune disorders.
  • Recognition of EIV can lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment of potentially serious underlying conditions.