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Related Concept Videos

Male Sexual Response: Erection & Ejaculation01:17

Male Sexual Response: Erection & Ejaculation

Sexual stimulation can take various forms, such as physical touch and visual or auditory cues. When this happens, the parasympathetic reflex in the sacral portion of the spinal cord is activated. This reflex stimulates the release of nitric oxide (NO), which then dilates the arterioles in the penis, increasing blood flow to the erectile tissues - the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum.
The blood filling the erectile tissues compresses the veins, which helps to prevent blood from leaving...
Sympathetic Activation01:16

Sympathetic Activation

The sympathetic division can influence tissues and organs by releasing norepinephrine at peripheral synapses and distributing epinephrine and norepinephrine through the bloodstream. In times of crisis or stress, sympathetic activation occurs, which is regulated by sympathetic centers in the hypothalamus. As a result, sympathetic activation prepares the body for physical exertion, rapid ATP production, and heightened alertness, allowing individuals to respond effectively to challenging or...
Sympathetic Signaling01:31

Sympathetic Signaling

Sympathetic signaling, a vital part of the autonomic nervous system, plays a crucial role in mobilizing the body's resources in response to stress or emergencies. It involves the transmission of nerve impulses from sympathetic preganglionic fibers to postganglionic fibers. This results in the release of specific neurotransmitters and activation of adrenergic receptors.
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) onto the ganglionic neurons in the...
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a...
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...
Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla01:27

Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla

The sympathetic pathways of the collateral ganglia and adrenal medulla serve unique but interconnected roles in the sympathetic response.
Collateral Ganglia
Sympathetic preganglionic axons reach the collateral ganglia along the route of splanchnic nerves. These nerves bypass the sympathetic trunk and communicate with sympathetic postganglionic neurons housed in the prevertebral ganglia. These ganglia supply the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity.
The greater splanchnic nerve, formed by the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
04:22

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Sympathetic skin response in patients with erectile dysfunction.

Consuelo Valles-Antuña1, Jesus Fernandez-Gomez, Safwan Escaf

  • 1Urology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. jmfernandezgomez@telefonica.net

BJU International
|August 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Sympathetic skin response (SSR) testing in the penis can help identify autonomic pathway abnormalities in men with erectile dysfunction (ED). This method aids in detecting lumbosacral and pudendal alterations, offering a new diagnostic approach for ED.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
04:22

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Neurophysiology
  • Urology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Erectile dysfunction (ED) can stem from autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
  • Sympathetic skin response (SSR) is a neurophysiological test assessing autonomic pathways.
  • Evaluating SSR in the penis may offer insights into ED pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the utility of SSR in men with ED.
  • To specifically evaluate SSR detection in the penis.
  • To correlate SSR findings with autonomic pathway integrity.

Main Methods:

  • SSR was measured in 82 ED patients using International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology standards.
  • Electrical stimulation of the median nerve.
  • SSR was recorded from the hand, foot, and penis, analyzing response percentage (SSR%) and latency.

Main Results:

  • Penile SSR% was significantly lower than hand and foot SSR%.
  • Significant correlations were found between SSR% in hand, foot, and penis.
  • Abnormal SSR latencies in the foot and penis were associated with chronic re-innervation in the bulbocavernosus muscle.

Conclusions:

  • SSR is indicated in ED patients, with penile recording being particularly valuable.
  • SSR% effectively indicates efferent C-fiber function.
  • Penile SSR latency can serve as a marker for lumbosacral and/or pudendal alterations in ED.