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Related Concept Videos

Applications of Life Tables01:22

Applications of Life Tables

Life tables are versatile across various fields, providing a quantitative basis for analyzing mortality and survival rates. Whether used by demographers, actuaries, epidemiologists, or sociologists, life tables offer valuable insights into the dynamics of life and death, facilitating informed decisions in public health, insurance, conservation, and beyond. Their broad applicability highlights the interconnectedness of demographic data with practical outcomes in everyday life and strategic...
Parametric Survival Analysis: Weibull and Exponential Methods01:14

Parametric Survival Analysis: Weibull and Exponential Methods

Parametric survival analysis models survival data by assuming a specific probability distribution for the time until an event occurs. The Weibull and exponential distributions are two of the most commonly used methods in this context, due to their versatility and relatively straightforward application.
Weibull Distribution
The Weibull distribution is a flexible model used in parametric survival analysis. It can handle both increasing and decreasing hazard rates, depending on its shape parameter...
Hazard Rate01:11

Hazard Rate

The hazard rate, also known as the hazard function or failure rate, is a statistical measure used to describe the instantaneous rate at which an event occurs, given that the event has not yet happened. From a probabilistic perspective, it represents the likelihood that a subject will experience the event in a very small time interval, conditional on surviving up to the beginning of that interval. In terms of frequency, the hazard rate can be viewed as the ratio of the number of events to the...
Life Tables01:22

Life Tables

A life table is a statistical tool that summarizes the mortality and survival patterns of a population, providing detailed insights into the likelihood of survival or death across different age intervals within a cohort. By organizing data on survival probabilities and mortality rates, life tables offer a clear snapshot of population dynamics over time. They are extensively used in demography, public health, actuarial science, and ecology to analyze life expectancy, design health interventions,...
Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Murine Experimental Model of Original Tumor Development and Peritoneal Metastasis via Orthotopic Inoculation with Ovarian Carcinoma Cells
08:17

Murine Experimental Model of Original Tumor Development and Peritoneal Metastasis via Orthotopic Inoculation with Ovarian Carcinoma Cells

Published on: December 9, 2016

Earthquake mortality in Pakistan.

Kevin M Sullivan1, S M Moazzem Hossain

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. cdckms@sph.emory.edu

Disasters
|August 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The 2005 Pakistan earthquake caused significant immediate mortality, with 2-5% of surveyed populations dying on the event day. Post-earthquake mortality rates increased, particularly affecting young children and older adults.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Murine Experimental Model of Original Tumor Development and Peritoneal Metastasis via Orthotopic Inoculation with Ovarian Carcinoma Cells
08:17

Murine Experimental Model of Original Tumor Development and Peritoneal Metastasis via Orthotopic Inoculation with Ovarian Carcinoma Cells

Published on: December 9, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Disaster epidemiology
  • Public health
  • Seismology

Background:

  • A 7.6 magnitude earthquake struck northern Pakistan on October 8, 2005, resulting in widespread devastation and over 73,000 deaths.
  • Assessing mortality patterns is crucial for understanding the impact of major natural disasters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate mortality rates before, during, and after the 2005 Pakistan earthquake.
  • To identify demographic groups at higher risk during the immediate aftermath of the disaster.

Main Methods:

  • Four cross-sectional surveys were conducted in late 2005, including community-based and internally displaced persons (IDP) camp settings.
  • Mortality data were collected to calculate crude mortality rates for different time periods relative to the earthquake.

Main Results:

  • Pre-earthquake mortality rates were low (<0.1 deaths/10,000/day).
  • Post-earthquake mortality rates increased, ranging from 0.10-0.43 deaths/10,000/day in the subsequent 6-8 weeks.
  • On the day of the earthquake, 2-5% of the surveyed population died, with higher mortality risks observed in children under five and adults over 50.

Conclusions:

  • The 2005 Pakistan earthquake resulted in substantial immediate mortality.
  • Vulnerable populations, including young children and the elderly, faced elevated mortality risks during the disaster.
  • The findings underscore the severe public health consequences of major seismic events.