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Shoulder-specific disability measures showed acceptable construct validity and responsiveness.

Margaret P Staples1, Andrew Forbes, Sally Green

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. margaret.staples@med.monash.edu.au

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
|August 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) demonstrated superior construct validity and responsiveness compared to the Croft Index and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) for adhesive capsulitis patients. SPADI showed a consistent advantage in measuring shoulder pain and disability.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Clinical Measurement

Background:

  • Adhesive capsulitis, commonly known as frozen shoulder, significantly impacts shoulder function and quality of life.
  • Accurate and responsive outcome measures are crucial for evaluating treatment efficacy in adhesive capsulitis.
  • Existing shoulder-specific and generic disability indices require validation and comparison for this specific condition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the construct validity and responsiveness of three shoulder-specific indices: Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), Croft Index, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH).
  • To assess the performance of these indices against generic measures like the visual analog scale for pain and the Health Assessment Questionnaire.
  • To determine the most effective measure for tracking changes in patients with adhesive capsulitis.

Main Methods:

  • Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials involving patients with adhesive capsulitis were conducted.
  • Patients were recruited from community-based physiotherapy practices.
  • Responsiveness was evaluated at 3 weeks post-baseline using four specific parameters and three external criteria for improvement.

Main Results:

  • Shoulder-specific measures exhibited moderate construct validity, with baseline correlations ranging from 0.55 to 0.65.
  • The SPADI demonstrated greater responsiveness compared to the Croft Index and DASH, with higher effect sizes.
  • Correlations between shoulder-specific and generic measures were generally lower than those among shoulder-specific indices.

Conclusions:

  • The SPADI, Croft Index, and DASH all possess acceptable construct validity and responsiveness for adhesive capsulitis.
  • The SPADI offers a small but consistent overall advantage in terms of responsiveness and validity.
  • These findings support the use of SPADI as a preferred outcome measure for adhesive capsulitis in clinical practice and research.