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Maximum occlusal bite forces in Jordanian individuals with different dentofacial vertical skeletal patterns
Elham S J Abu Alhaija1, Ibraheem A Al Zo'ubi, Mohammed E Al Rousan
1Department of Preventive Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. elham@just.edu.jo
European Journal of Orthodontics
|August 18, 2009
Summary
Facial type significantly impacts maximum occlusal bite force (MBF) in Jordanian students, with short-faced individuals exhibiting the highest MBF and long-faced individuals the lowest. Gender and parafunctional habits did not affect MBF.
Area of Science:
- Dental Science
- Biomechanics
- Anthropology
Background:
- Maximum occlusal bite force (MBF) is a key indicator of masticatory muscle function.
- Facial morphology, including vertical facial types, can influence occlusal force generation.
- Understanding these relationships is crucial for diagnosing and treating various dental and occlusal conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To measure maximum occlusal bite force (MBF) in Jordanian students across three facial types: short, average, and long.
- To investigate the influence of gender, functional occlusion type, premature contacts, and parafunctional habits on MBF.
Main Methods:
- Sixty dental students (30 males, 30 females) aged 20-23 were classified into short-faced (deep overbite), average-faced (normal overbite), and long-faced (anterior open bite) groups.
- Maximum occlusal bite force (MBF) was measured using a hydraulic occlusal force gauge.
- Occlusal factors, including functional occlusion, premature contacts, and parafunctional habits, were recorded and analyzed using t-tests and ANOVA.
Main Results:
- The average MBF in Jordanian adults was 573.42 ± 140.18 N.
- Short-faced individuals demonstrated the highest MBF (679.60 ± 117.46 N), while long-faced individuals had the lowest (453.57 ± 98.30 N; P < 0.001).
- MBF was higher in individuals with premature contacts but showed no significant differences based on gender, functional occlusion type, or parafunctional habits.
Conclusions:
- Facial type is a significant determinant of maximum occlusal bite force in young Jordanian adults.
- Short facial morphology is associated with greater bite force capacity compared to long facial morphology.
- While premature contacts may influence bite force, gender and parafunctional habits do not appear to be significant factors in this population.
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