Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Decision Making: Traditional Method

Decision Making: Traditional Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...

Decision Making

Decision Making

Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...

Self-Regulation

Self-Regulation

Self-regulation, also known as self-control, encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral processes that allow individuals to adjust their internal states and outward actions to align with socially acceptable norms and long-term goals. It plays a fundamental role in adaptive functioning, from resisting impulsive behaviors to persisting through challenging tasks. While its benefits are widely recognized, self-regulation is not limitless. Muraven and Baumeister's theory posits that...

Reason and Intuition

Reason and Intuition

The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the brain can only use...

Incomplete Dominance

Incomplete Dominance

Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.

Self-Discrepancy Theory

Self-Discrepancy Theory

One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Microlearning to teach geriatric principles in hospitals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Age and ageing·2026

Same author

Facilitators and barriers along the pathways from secondary school to medical programmes- results from a national longitudinal study in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice·2026

Same author

Educational needs of junior doctors caring for hospitalised older adults.

Age and ageing·2026

Same author

Comparison of outcomes following spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage and ischaemic stroke in New Zealand.

Internal medicine journal·2025

Same author

Laxative use and chronic diarrhoea in older adults living in residential care.

Nutrition & dietetics : the journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia·2025

Same author

When I say … generalism.

Medical education·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Frailty Assessment in an Aging Mouse Model

Frailty Assessment in an Aging Mouse Model

Published on: September 23, 2025

Frailty: dominos or deliberation?

Claire P Heppenstall¹, Tim J Wilkinson, H Carl Hanger

¹Department of Older Persons Health, University of Otago, Christchurch, Princess Margaret Hospital, PO Box 800, Christchurch, New Zealand. ClaireH@cdhb.govt.nz

The New Zealand Medical Journal

|August 18, 2009

Summary

Frailty, a condition of multisystem deterioration in older adults, is now better understood for improved identification and treatment. Early comprehensive geriatric assessment and interventions like exercise and nutrition can help frail individuals regain function.

More Related Videos

Identifying Frailty Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Image Acquisition and Assessment

Identifying Frailty Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Image Acquisition and Assessment

Published on: July 26, 2024

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task

Published on: January 9, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Frailty Assessment in an Aging Mouse Model

Frailty Assessment in an Aging Mouse Model

Published on: September 23, 2025

Identifying Frailty Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Image Acquisition and Assessment

Identifying Frailty Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Image Acquisition and Assessment

Published on: July 26, 2024

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task

Published on: January 9, 2016

Area of Science:

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine
Internal Medicine
Public Health

Background:

Frailty is a prevalent condition in older adults, characterized by multisystem deterioration and reduced physiological reserve.
It presents with a physical phenotype including weakness, sarcopenia, weight loss, inactivity, and slowness, influenced by psychosocial factors.
Potential contributing factors include inflammatory, endocrine, and nutritional markers, with predisposing elements spanning early development to later-life malnutrition.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance the understanding of frailty for improved identification and treatment strategies in the geriatric population.
To elucidate the multifaceted nature of frailty, encompassing its phenotype, contributing factors, and consequences.
To highlight the benefits of early and comprehensive interventions for frail older adults.

Main Methods:

Literature review and synthesis of current understanding regarding frailty's definition, characteristics, and contributing factors.
Analysis of the impact of frailty on physical and mental function, particularly in response to insults.
Review of evidence-based interventions and the role of specialist geriatric assessment.

Main Results:

Frailty is defined by multisystem deterioration and loss of reserve, with a recognized physical phenotype.
Frailty predisposes individuals to significant functional decline following minor insults, often creating a cascade of adverse events.
Interventions such as exercise, nutritional support, and comprehensive geriatric assessment have demonstrated efficacy in managing frailty.

Conclusions:

Improved understanding of frailty facilitates better identification and management.
Comprehensive geriatric assessment and targeted interventions can significantly benefit frail older adults, enabling functional recovery.
Addressing frailty proactively is crucial for maintaining independence and quality of life in the aging population.