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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation
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Photonic-crystal-fiber-enabled micro-Fabry-Perot interferometer.

Joel Villatoro1, Vittoria Finazzi, Gianluca Coviello

  • 1ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain. joel.villatoro@icfo.es

Optics Letters
|August 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created a novel fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer using a microscopic air bubble. This robust sensor demonstrates low thermal sensitivity and is effective for precise strain sensing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Fiber Optic Sensors

Background:

  • Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs) are widely used optical sensors.
  • Traditional FPI fabrication can be complex and costly.
  • Microscopic air bubbles offer a novel approach for FPI cavity formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the fabrication of a monolithic fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI).
  • To investigate the properties and applications of FPIs with microscopic air bubble cavities.
  • To demonstrate a cost-effective and robust FPI fabrication method.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a monolithic fiber FPI by splicing a single-mode fiber and a photonic crystal fiber using arc-discharge.
  • Creation of microscopic spherical air bubble cavities with diameters ranging from 20 to 58 micrometers.

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  • Characterization of the FPIs for thermal sensitivity, mechanical strength, operational wavelength range, and fringe contrast.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully fabricated monolithic fiber FPIs with microscopic air bubble cavities.
    • Achieved low thermal sensitivity (< 1.0 pm/°C) and high mechanical strength.
    • Demonstrated a broad operation wavelength range and fringe contrast in the 8-12 dB range.
    • Validated the application of these FPIs for strain sensing up to 5000 microepsilon.

    Conclusions:

    • The arc-discharge splicing technique provides a simple and effective method for fabricating fiber FPIs with air bubble cavities.
    • These novel FPIs exhibit excellent sensing characteristics, including low thermal sensitivity and high mechanical robustness.
    • The demonstrated strain sensing capability highlights their potential for various industrial and scientific applications.