Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 20, 2026

09:14
A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability
Published on: October 28, 2022
[Fractures of the upper ankle]
M Frank1, K Bauwens, A Ekkernkamp
1Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland. matthias.frank@uni-greifswald.de
Der Orthopade
|August 18, 2009
Summary
Upper ankle injuries are common in emergency departments. Proper diagnosis and treatment by clinicians are crucial to prevent long-term disability and ensure full joint function.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Sports Medicine
- Emergency Medicine
Context:
- Upper ankle injuries represent a significant caseload in emergency departments.
- Initial management is frequently performed by junior medical staff.
- Inadequate diagnosis and treatment can result in prolonged disability and impaired joint function.
Purpose:
- To offer a comprehensive understanding of ankle joint fractures.
- To detail the anatomy, biomechanics, and injury mechanisms.
- To outline diagnostic and operative procedures for ankle fractures.
Summary:
- This work provides an in-depth review of ankle joint fractures, covering their anatomical basis, biomechanical factors, and common injury mechanisms.
- It emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment, particularly given the involvement of less experienced clinicians.
- The abstract details essential diagnostic methods and surgical interventions for managing these injuries.
Impact:
- Enhances the diagnostic and treatment capabilities of clinicians managing ankle injuries.
- Aims to reduce long-term disability and functional impairment associated with ankle fractures.
- Serves as a foundational resource for understanding and managing ankle joint fractures effectively.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Ankle Joint
The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula
The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
Fractures: Bone Repair
Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella
The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus
The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius
The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...

