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Related Concept Videos

Laminar Flow: Problem Solving01:24

Laminar Flow: Problem Solving

Laminar flow occurs when a fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers with minimal mixing and turbulence. In fluid mechanics, ensuring laminar flow within a pipe is essential for precise control of flow characteristics, especially in engineering applications. The key factor in determining whether flow remains laminar is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity that depends on the fluid's velocity, density, viscosity, and the pipe's diameter. A Reynolds number of 2100 or lower indicates...
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Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
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Laminar Flow01:27

Laminar Flow

Laminar flow represents a smooth, orderly fluid motion where particles move along parallel paths, resulting in minimal mixing between layers. Streamlined particle paths characterize this flow regime and occur under conditions where viscous forces dominate over inertial forces. The distinction between laminar, transitional, and turbulent flow is primarily determined by the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity calculated as:

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Application of Biolayer Interferometry (BLI) for Studying Protein-Protein Interactions in Transcription
07:18

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Published on: July 26, 2019

LIN28 lets BLIMP1 take the right course.

Martin M Matzuk1

  • 1Departments of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. mmatzuk@bcm.edu

Developmental Cell
|August 19, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

LIN28 regulates primordial germ cell (PGC) formation by inhibiting microRNA let-7 maturation, which allows the master regulator BLIMP1 to promote PGC specification. This study reveals a key mechanism in early germ cell development.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Primordial germ cell (PGC) specification is crucial for reproduction.
  • The transcription factor BLIMP1 is a key regulator of PGCs.
  • MicroRNA let-7 normally suppresses BLIMP1 activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of LIN28 in PGC formation.
  • To elucidate the regulatory pathway involving LIN28, let-7, and BLIMP1 during PGC specification.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a unique in vitro embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation strategy.
  • Analyzed the molecular mechanisms controlling PGC development.

Main Results:

  • LIN28 was identified as essential for PGC formation.
  • LIN28 inhibits the maturation of microRNA let-7.
  • LIN28's inhibition of let-7 leads to the induction of BLIMP1.

Conclusions:

  • LIN28 is a critical regulator of PGC specification.
  • The LIN28-let-7-BLIMP1 axis is a key pathway controlling germ cell development.
  • This finding provides novel insights into the molecular control of early germline development.