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Type D personality and mortality in peripheral arterial disease: a pilot study
Annelies E Aquarius1, Kim G Smolderen, Jaap F Hamming
1Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Department of Medical Psychology, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, the Netherlands.
Archives of Surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
|August 19, 2009
Summary
Type D personality, characterized by negative emotions and inhibited self-expression, predicts mortality in peripheral arterial disease (PAD). This psychological trait increases death risk beyond traditional factors, aiding high-risk patient identification.
Area of Science:
- Psychology and Medicine
- Cardiovascular Research
- Prognostic Factors in Disease
Background:
- Type D personality is linked to negative emotions and suppressed self-expression.
- It's an independent predictor of mortality in cardiac disease.
- Prognostic impact of psychological traits in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if Type D personality predicts all-cause mortality in patients with PAD.
Main Methods:
- A pilot follow-up study was conducted in a vascular surgery department.
- 184 symptomatic PAD patients (mean age 64.8 years) were followed for 4 years.
- Type D personality was assessed using the Type D Scale-14; mortality data from medical files.
Main Results:
- 16 patients (8.7%) died during the 4-year follow-up.
- Type D personality independently predicted mortality (P=.03) after adjusting for age and sex.
- Even after accounting for clinical factors like age, diabetes, and renal disease, Type D personality showed a >3-fold increased mortality risk (OR 3.5, P=.04).
Conclusions:
- Type D personality is a significant predictor of all-cause mortality in PAD patients.
- This risk is independent of established clinical risk factors.
- Assessing Type D personality may help identify high-risk PAD patients, warranting further research.
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