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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Compensatory Limb Use and Behavioral Assessment of Motor Skill Learning Following Sensorimotor Cortex Injury in a Mouse Model of Ischemic Stroke
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Developing evidence-based process maps for spinal cord injury rehabilitation.

C Goodwin-Wilson1, M Watkins, C Gardner-Elahi

  • 1Department of Clinical Psychology, Midland Centre for Spinal Injuries, Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire SY10 7AG, UK. Chris.wilson@rjah.nhs.uk

Spinal Cord
|August 19, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study developed evidence-based rehabilitation maps for neurologically damaged patients, visualizing care pathways and expected recovery milestones. These maps aid in auditing services and setting clear expectations for patient recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Developing evidence-based rehabilitation strategies is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes following neurological injury.
  • Standardized approaches to rehabilitation are needed to manage diverse lesion categories effectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create evidence-based rehabilitation maps for various neurological lesion categories.
  • To establish benchmarks for patient recovery timelines and variations.

Main Methods:

  • A 5-year longitudinal audit of 280 newly injured adult patients (aged 18+) in the Midlands, UK.
  • Data collected from functional independence measures (Needs Assessment Checklist), patient records, and goal planning.
  • Patients grouped by lesion category; rehabilitation milestones identified from goal-setting meetings.

Main Results:

  • Median times for key rehabilitation events (onset to admission, onset to rehabilitation, length of rehabilitation) were calculated.
  • Rehabilitation maps were generated, illustrating median achievement times and variations for specific patient groups (e.g., T8-T12 Frankel A).

Conclusions:

  • Rehabilitation maps offer a transparent, evidence-based tool for service evaluation and improvement.
  • These maps can identify service needs, audit changes, set expectations, and facilitate comparisons between care models.
  • Utilizing these maps promotes consistency and accountability in neurological rehabilitation services.