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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

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A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
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Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...

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Visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling
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Published on: April 7, 2015

Imaging findings in pyogenic ventriculitis.

Philippe G Jorens1, Maurits H Voormolen, Dominique Robert

  • 1Department of (neurological) Critical Care Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium. Philippe.Jorens@uza.be

Neurocritical Care
|August 19, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Pyogenic ventriculitis, a severe brain infection, can be diagnosed using advanced neuroimaging. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is particularly effective in identifying this life-threatening condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Pyogenic ventriculitis is a rare yet severe intracranial infection.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is critical for patient outcomes.

Observation:

  • A case report details a 49-year-old male with an intraparenchymal hematoma extending into the ventricles.
  • External ventricular drain placement was necessary due to persistent intraventricular blood.
  • Imaging revealed hydrocephalus, intraventricular debris, and periventricular hypodensities.

Findings:

  • Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) demonstrated signs suggestive of ventriculitis.
  • Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, including T2-weighted, FLAIR, diffusion-weighted, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences, confirmed the characteristic hallmarks of pyogenic ventriculitis.

Implications:

  • Neuroimaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of pyogenic ventriculitis.
  • MR imaging is an ideal tool for reliably diagnosing this life-threatening cerebral infection.
  • Timely diagnosis via advanced imaging can guide appropriate treatment and improve prognosis.