Nanostructured polyelectrolyte multilayer drug delivery systems for bone metastasis prevention

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Oncology

Background:

• Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM) are versatile nanoarchitectures used as biomaterial coatings.
• PEMs offer potential for controlled cell activation and localized drug delivery.
• Bone metastasis remains a significant challenge in cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel nanoarchitecture for preventing bone metastasis.
• To utilize poly-l-lysine grafted with beta-cyclodextrin (PLL-CD) as a drug delivery vector for risedronate (RIS).
• To evaluate the efficacy of RIS-loaded PLL-CD complexes in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods:

• Synthesized poly-l-lysine covalently grafted with beta-cyclodextrin (PLL-CD).
• Determined optimal molar ratio for RIS loading onto PLL-CD using Raman microspectroscopy.
• Assessed the anti-invasion efficacy of RIS-loaded PLL-CD complexes in cancer cells in vitro.
• Evaluated the prevention of cancer-induced bone metastasis in animal models.
• Incorporated RIS-loaded PLL-CD complexes into PEM nanoarchitectures.

Main Results:

• Raman microspectroscopy identified the optimal molar ratio for RIS loading.
• RIS complexation with PLL-CD significantly enhanced its efficacy in inhibiting cancer cell invasion.
• Both solution-based and PEM-embedded RIS-PLL-CD complexes demonstrated potent anti-metastatic effects in vivo.
• PEM nanoarchitectures containing RIS-PLL-CD complexes show potential for bone implants.

Conclusions:

• PLL-CD serves as an effective vector for the antitumor drug RIS.
• RIS-PLL-CD complexes, particularly within PEM nanoarchitectures, offer a promising strategy for bone metastasis prevention.
• This approach holds potential for in situ prevention of bone metastasis, especially in conjunction with bone implants.