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Management of Respiratory Motion Artefacts in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography using an Amplitude-Based Optimal Respiratory Gating Algorithm

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Time delays in gated radiotherapy.

Wendy L Smith¹, Nathan Becker¹

¹Department of Medical Physics, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N2.

Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics

|August 21, 2009

Summary

Gated radiotherapy accuracy depends on synchronized imaging and treatment beams. Opposing time delays between systems necessitate larger internal target volume (ITV) margins to ensure accurate tumor targeting during motion.

Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Radiation Oncology
Radiotherapy Technology

Background:

Gated radiotherapy relies on precise timing between imaging and treatment delivery.
Discrepancies in system time delays can compromise treatment accuracy.
Internal target volume (ITV) margins are crucial for accounting for tumor motion.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify time delays in gated radiotherapy imaging and treatment systems.
To evaluate the impact of these time delays on required ITV margins.
To present a method for calculating ITV margins considering imaging and treatment time delays.

Main Methods:

Measured time delays using a motion phantom on fluoroscopy and linear accelerator systems.
Varied parameters including gating type (amplitude vs. phase), beam energy, dose rate, and period.

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Calculated necessary ITV margins based on measured imaging and treatment time delays.

Main Results:

Average imaging time delays ranged from -0.04 to -0.18 seconds.
Average treatment time delays ranged from 0.07 to 0.10 seconds.
The difference between imaging and treatment delays significantly increased the required ITV margin.

Conclusions:

Time delays in gated radiotherapy systems are measurable and variable.
Opposing imaging and treatment time delays necessitate larger ITV margins.
Accurate margin calculation is essential for effective gated radiotherapy delivery.