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Related Concept Videos

Thermoregulation01:26

Thermoregulation

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The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Liver Cold Storage and Transplantation in the Cold-Adaptive Daurian Ground Squirrels
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Mammalian hibernation.

J Nedergaard1, B Cannon

  • 1Wenner-Gren Institute, Arrhenius Laboratories, University of Stockholm, Sweden.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|January 30, 1990
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mammalian hibernation dramatically lowers body temperature to conserve energy, mimicking ambient conditions. Animals manage physiological challenges during hibernation and use brown adipose tissue for heat during arousal.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Mammalian Biology
  • Thermoregulation

Background:

  • Mammalian hibernation involves significant body temperature reduction, approaching ambient levels.
  • This process conserves energy by decreasing basal metabolic rate and heat production needs.
  • Hibernation presents physiological challenges including ion gradient maintenance and cardiac stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the physiological adaptations and challenges of mammalian hibernation.
  • To describe the distinct phases of hibernation: entry, maintenance, and arousal.
  • To highlight the energy-saving mechanisms and heat generation strategies during hibernation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of physiological processes during hibernation.
  • Analysis of metabolic and thermoregulatory strategies.
  • Examination of challenges like ion balance and cardiac function.

Main Results:

  • Hibernation allows substantial energy savings by minimizing basal metabolism and heat production.
  • Body temperature decreases gradually during entry into hibernation, linked to slow-wave sleep.
  • Brown adipose tissue is crucial for heat and substrate supply during the arousal phase.

Conclusions:

  • Hibernation is an effective mammalian strategy for surviving challenging environmental conditions.
  • The process involves complex physiological adjustments to maintain homeostasis.
  • Hibernation offers a practical solution for energy conservation in mammals.