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Inter-rater reliability of the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale in assessing lower limb muscle spasticity
Nastaran Ghotbi1, Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Soofia Naghdi
1Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Primary Objective:
To assess the inter-rater reliability of the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale (MMAS) in lower limb muscle spasticity.
Research Design:
Cross-sectional observational study.
Interventions:
Not applicable.
Methods And Procedures:
Twenty-two adults with neurological conditions (17 women, five men, age range 21-82 years; mean +/- SD, 44 +/- 18 years) participated. Hip adductor, knee extensor and ankle plantarflexor were assessed in a random order.
Main Outcomes And Results:
Inter-rater agreement for two raters was very good for the hip adductor and the knee extensor (weighted kappa = 0.82, p < 0.0001) and good for the ankle plantarflexor (weighted kappa = 0.74, p < 0.0001).
Conclusions:
The Modified Modified Ashworth Scale produced reliable measurements between raters in the assessment of lower limb muscle spasticity.
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