Immunomodulatory activity of 3beta,6beta-dihydroxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid in tumor-bearing mice

3beta,6beta-dihydroxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid (1) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from the rhizomes of Astilbe chinensis. To evaluate the in vivo antitumor potential and to elucidate its immunological mechanisms, effect of 1 on the growth of mouse-transplantable tumors, and the immune response in naive and tumor-bearing mice were investigated. The mice inoculated with mouse tumor cell lines were orally treated with 1 at the doses of 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg for 10 days. The effects of 1 on the growth of mouse-transplantable S180 sarcoma and H22 hepatoma, splenocyte proliferation, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity, natural killer (NK) cell activity, and production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) from splenocytes in S180-bearing mice were measured. Furthermore, the effect of 1 on 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions and the sheep red blood cell (SRBC)-induced antibody response in naive mice were also studied. Compound 1 could not only significantly inhibit the growth of mouse transplantable S180 sarcoma and H22 hepatoma, increase splenocytes proliferation, CTL and NK cell activity, and the level of IL-2 secreted by splenocytes in tumor-bearing mice, but also remarkably promote the DTH reaction and enhance anti-SRBC antibody titers in naive mice. These results suggested that 1 could improve both cellular and humoral immune response, and could act as antitumor agent with immunomodulatory activity.