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Matrix metalloproteinase-2 is elevated in midtrimester amniotic fluid prior to the development of preeclampsia
Michal Lavee1, Shlomit Goldman, Etty Daniel-Spiegel
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel. michal_la@clalit.org.il
Objective:
To evaluate levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and their inhibitors (TIMP) in second trimester amniotic fluid of women with hypertensive disorders compared to normotensive women.
Study Design:
Amniotic fluid was obtained from 133 women undergoing genetic second trimester amniocentesis. Zymography was performed for MMP characterization and an MMP-2 ELISA kit was used to determine MMP-2 levels. TIMP-2 expression was evaluated using western blot.
Results:
Mean amniotic fluid MMP-2 and TIMP-2 levels were significantly higher in women who developed a hypertensive disorder compared to normotensive women (P < 0.0004 and P < 0.01, respectively). When subdivided into subgroups, amniotic fluid from women who eventually developed preeclampsia or superimposed preeclampsia showed significantly higher MMP-2 levels than normotensive women (P < 0.05). However, no statistical difference in MMP-2 levels was found between patients with gestational hypertension and normotensive patients.
Conclusion:
Higher amniotic fluid MMP-2 and TIMP-2 levels are found in women who eventually develop preeclampsia.
