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Related Concept Videos

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History01:21

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History

The genitourinary system is critical to maintaining fluid balance, waste elimination, and reproductive function. Nurses play a vital role in assessing this system, beginning with a thorough health history. This process involves gathering patient information, identifying risk factors, and recognizing symptoms of genitourinary disorders. Early detection is vital for timely interventions and management.1. Gathering Patient InformationA complete health history includes the patient’s personal,...
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation01:26

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation

The nursing assessment of the genitourinary (GU) system involves a systematic inspection and palpation to identify abnormalities in the kidneys, bladder, and surrounding structures.InspectionMouth: Inspect for signs of kidney dysfunction, such as stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth) and ammonia breath, which may occur in advanced kidney disease due to the buildup of urea, breaking down into ammonia.Skin: Check for pallor, which could indicate anemia caused by kidney disease. Look for...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
05:25

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Published on: August 14, 2019

Acute urinary retention in elderly men.

Mary Beth Thorne1, Stephen A Geraci

  • 1Medical Service, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans' Affairs Medical Center and the Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi, USA. marybeththorne@yahoo.com

The American Journal of Medicine
|August 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute urinary retention (AUR) is a common urologic emergency in older men, often linked to constipation or neurological issues. Prompt treatment and identifying the cause are crucial for managing this condition and preventing complications.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
05:25

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Published on: August 14, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Acute urinary retention (AUR) is a urologic emergency primarily affecting elderly men.
  • It often presents with comorbidities like fecal impaction, delirium, and constitutional symptoms.
  • Increasing age can precipitate or worsen medical conditions, frequently necessitating hospitalization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the causes, presentation, and management of acute urinary retention in the elderly.
  • To highlight the importance of prompt bladder decompression and etiological investigation.
  • To emphasize individualized treatment strategies based on patient-specific factors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of causative factors and management strategies for AUR in elderly men.
  • Analysis of common mechanisms including obstructive, neurogenic, and detrusor underactivity.
  • Consideration of patient quality of life, life expectancy, and comorbidities in treatment planning.

Main Results:

  • AUR in the elderly frequently involves multiple contributing factors.
  • Obstructive, neurogenic, and detrusor underactivity are the primary mechanisms.
  • Hospitalization may be required for precipitating events or exacerbation of comorbid conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Management of AUR in elderly men requires prompt intervention and identification of underlying causes.
  • Treatment must be tailored to individual patient circumstances, including comorbidities and support systems.
  • Urology consultation is often necessary for complex or refractory cases.