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Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution

At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview01:12

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview

The 1D NMR spectrum of large and complex molecules like natural products has complicated splitting patterns and overlapping signals, which can be easily interpreted using 2-dimensional (2D) NMR. Unlike 1D NMR, 2D NMR has two frequency axes that provide the coupling information between the nucleus A and nucleus B in a molecule. The process from which 2D spectra are obtained has four steps.
The first step is the preparation period, during which nucleus A is excited with a radiofrequency pulse.
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...

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Related Experiment Video

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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
14:55

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Constructing atomic-resolution RNA structural ensembles using MD and motionally decoupled NMR RDCs.

Andrew C Stelzer1, Aaron T Frank, Maximillian H Bailor

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biophysics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)
|August 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method to visualize RNA structures and dynamics at high resolution. It combines simulations with experimental data to reveal how RNA molecules change shape during biological functions.

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Published on: September 17, 2017

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Understanding the atomic-level structure and dynamics of regulatory RNAs is crucial for elucidating their biological functions.
  • Characterizing the broad structural landscape of RNA is essential for a complete functional understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel protocol for visualizing thermally accessible RNA conformations at atomic resolution.
  • To extend the accessible timescales of RNA structural analysis up to milliseconds.
  • To provide insights into RNA dynamics and functionally important transitions.

Main Methods:

  • Combining molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with experimental residual dipolar couplings (RDCs).
  • Utilizing partially aligned (13)C/(15)N isotopically enriched elongated RNA samples.
  • Generating structural ensembles that capture RNA conformational heterogeneity.

Main Results:

  • The protocol enables visualization of RNA structures with atomic resolution.
  • The method covers timescales up to milliseconds, capturing dynamic processes.
  • Generated structural ensembles offer a detailed view of RNA conformational space.

Conclusions:

  • The presented protocol offers a powerful approach to study RNA structure and dynamics.
  • This method enhances our understanding of RNA's role in biological regulation at the atomic level.
  • The combination of simulation and experimental data provides unprecedented insights into RNA function.