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Related Concept Videos

Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control
09:37

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control

Published on: July 5, 2015

Neural basis of visual distraction.

So-Yeon Kim1, Joseph B Hopfinger

  • 1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|August 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

New object distractors capture attention by competing with target processing in the brain. Neural activity in the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) underlies distraction and resistance to it.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Maintaining focus is crucial for task performance and attention.
  • Distraction by irrelevant stimuli, especially new objects, is common but poorly understood.
  • Neural filtering of consciously perceived distractors differs from subliminal stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the neural basis of distraction.
  • Understand how new objects automatically trigger distraction.
  • Identify brain regions involved in distraction and resistance to it.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a strong distractor paradigm involving the abrupt appearance of new objects.
  • Examined neural activity using brain imaging techniques.
  • Correlated behavioral distraction with neural activity patterns.

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Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking
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Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

Published on: August 29, 2018

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Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control
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Published on: July 5, 2015

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
06:46

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

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Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking
05:58

Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

Published on: August 29, 2018

Main Results:

  • A competitive relationship was found between brain regions processing target and distractor locations.
  • Distractor processing increased and target processing decreased specifically for new object distractors.
  • Neural activity changes in the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) were unique to new object distractors.
  • Stronger correlations between distraction and neural activity were observed in parietal regions.

Conclusions:

  • The abrupt appearance of new objects triggers distraction through neural competition.
  • The intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) play key roles in distraction and attentional control.
  • Individual differences in distraction susceptibility correlate with consistent activity levels in IPS and TPJ.