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Physical activity and executive function in aging: the MOBILIZE Boston Study.

Laura H P Eggermont¹, William P Milberg, Lewis A Lipsitz

¹Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. lhp.eggermont@psy.vu.nl

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

|August 26, 2009

Summary

Regular physical activity in older adults is linked to better executive function. This association remains even after accounting for health conditions like cardiovascular disease, pain, and depression.

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Neuroscience
Public Health

Background:

Cognitive decline is a significant concern in aging populations.
Physical activity is a modifiable lifestyle factor with potential cognitive benefits.
The specific relationship between physical activity and executive function, and potential mediating factors, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the association between physical activity and cognitive function, particularly executive function, in older adults.
To investigate the mediating roles of cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD risk factors, chronic pain, and depressive symptoms in this relationship.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional, population-based study of 544 community-dwelling adults aged 70 and older in the Boston area.
Physical activity assessed using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE).
Cognitive function evaluated using neuropsychological tests; CVD, pain, and depressive symptoms assessed via interviewer-administered questions and measurements.

Main Results:

Higher physical activity was significantly associated with better performance on most cognitive tests, including executive function.
This association persisted after adjusting for age, sex, education, medications, cardiovascular disease, CVD risk factors, pain, and depressive symptoms.
Executive function tests showed a significant positive association with physical activity, while delayed recall of episodic memory did not.

Conclusions:

Physical activity is positively associated with executive function in older adults, independent of common health conditions.
The findings suggest a specific biological link between physical activity and executive function, rather than a general effect on all cognitive domains.
Promoting physical activity may be a viable strategy to support executive function in aging populations.