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Related Concept Videos

Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides01:26

Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides

Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

Oligosaccharide Assembly

Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition01:02

Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition

Microtubules are small hollow tubes in eukaryotic cells. The cell wall microtubules are polymerized dimers of two globular proteins, α-tubulin and β-tubulin, two globular proteins. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the widest components of the cytoskeleton. They help the cell resist compression and provide a track along which vesicles move through the cell or pull replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of a dividing cell. Microtubules go through quick cycles of disassembly and...
Protein Glycosylation01:25

Protein Glycosylation

Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
Glycosylation occurs in...
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

An Induction System for Clustered Stomata by Sugar Solution Immersion Treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings
04:32

An Induction System for Clustered Stomata by Sugar Solution Immersion Treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings

Published on: February 15, 2019

Sucrose synthase: expanding protein function.

Chalivendra C Subbaiah1, Steven C Huber, Martin M Sachs

  • 1School of Life Sciences; Arizona State University; Tempe, Arizona USA.

Plant Signaling & Behavior
|August 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sucrose synthase (SUS) enzyme interacts with mitochondria and the nucleus, suggesting roles beyond its known catalytic functions in plant metabolism. This protein interaction may be crucial for signaling pathways, especially under anoxia.

Keywords:
localizationmitochondrianon-catalytic rolesnucleussucrose synthasevoltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC)

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

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04:32

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Published on: February 15, 2019

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Signaling

Background:

  • Sucrose synthase (SUS) is a critical enzyme in plant sucrose metabolism, channeling sucrose into various metabolic, structural, and storage pathways.
  • The known catalytic role of SUS may not encompass its full biological significance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential non-catalytic functions of Sucrose Synthase (SUS).
  • To explore the association of SUS with cellular compartments and its regulation under stress conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of tissue-specific and isoform-dependent association of SUS with mitochondria.
  • Investigation of SUS interaction with the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) under anoxia.
  • Localization studies of SUS and VDAC in maize seedling tissues, including the nucleus.

Main Results:

  • SUS exhibits tissue-specific, isoform-dependent, and metabolically regulated association with mitochondria.
  • SUS shows isoform-specific and anoxia-responsive interaction with VDAC, a key outer mitochondrial membrane protein.
  • Both SUS and VDAC were found to localize to the nucleus in maize seedling tissues.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that SUS possesses biological functions extending beyond its enzymatic activity.
  • The interaction of SUS with VDAC and its dual localization (mitochondria and nucleus) indicate a role in inter-compartmental signaling.
  • The intricate regulation of SUS and VDAC under anoxia highlights their potential involvement in stress response pathways.