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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

In Vitro Assay of Bacterial Adhesion onto Mammalian Epithelial Cells

In Vitro Assay of Bacterial Adhesion onto Mammalian Epithelial Cells

Published on: May 16, 2011

Microbial adhesion on different bracket types in vitro.

Jan van Gastel¹, Marc Quirynen, Wim Teughels

¹Department of Orthodontics, Catholic University, Leuven, Belgium. Johannes.vanGastel@med.KULeuven.ac.be

The Angle Orthodontist

|August 27, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Orthodontic bracket materials significantly impact biofilm formation and bacterial adhesion. Certain bracket types retain more plaque, potentially affecting oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment.

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Area of Science:

Oral microbiology
Biomaterials science
Orthodontic technology

Background:

Orthodontic brackets are prone to bacterial colonization and biofilm formation.
The material and design of orthodontic brackets may influence microbial adhesion and retention.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate differences in total bacterial counts and biofilm formation capacity among seven distinct orthodontic bracket types.
To evaluate the in vitro adherence of oral bacteria to various commercially available bracket systems.

Main Methods:

An in vitro experiment compared seven bracket systems (Damon, Clarity, Mystique, Speed, Victory MBT, Micro-loc, Generus).
Premolar brackets were incubated in bacterial-laden medium for 72 hours.
Bacterial counts (CFU), CFU ratio (aerobe/anaerobe), and black pigmented bacteria were analyzed.

Main Results:

Significant differences in biofilm formation were observed across bracket types.
Brackets were categorized into low (E, F, G), intermediate (D), and high (A, B, C) plaque-retaining groups.
High adhesion groups (A, B, C) showed significantly lower aerobe/anaerobe CFU ratios (P < .05).

Conclusions:

The hypothesis that bracket type influences bacterial counts and biofilm formation is supported.
Orthodontic brackets act as distinct sites for biofilm development.
Material differences among bracket types lead to varied microbial adhesion.