Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids
Published on: May 27, 2020
Highly accurate CCSD(R12) and CCSD(F12) optical response properties using standard triple-zeta basis sets
1Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie Ruhr, Universität Bochum, Universitatsstrasse 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany. jun.yang@theochem.ruhr-uni-bochum.de
Abstract:
Coupled-cluster response theory for frequency-dependent optical properties within the coupled-cluster singles-and-doubles model (CCSD) has been derived and implemented for ansatz 2 of the explicitly correlated CCSD(R12) and CCSD(F12) methods as part of the program package DALTON. The basis set convergence of static dipole moments, polarizabilities, and parallel averages of first and second hyperpolarizabilities has been investigated for Ne, BH, N(2), CO, and BF. The frequency-dependent results are presented for the electronic second-harmonic generation of N(2). With triple-zeta basis sets, the CCSD(F12) correlation contributions using ansatz 2 are close to the basis set limits for dipole moments and second hyperpolarizabilities; the CCSD(R12) results are better than the CCSD results obtained with at least quintuple-zeta basis sets for polarizabilities and first hyperpolarizabilities. The exponent of Slater-type correlation factor for CCSD(F12) ground state energy may not be optimal and has to be re-examined for response properties. We also suggest that the remaining one-electron basis set errors arising within the coupled-cluster singles should be reduced by allowing excitations into the auxiliary orbital space.
Related Concept Videos
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...

