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Related Concept Videos

Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests01:24

Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests

Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
The Unfolded Protein Response01:37

The Unfolded Protein Response

The ER is the hub of protein synthesis in a cell. It has robust systems to quality control protein folding and also for degradation of terminally misfolded proteins. Under normal conditions, a small proportion of misfolded proteins that cannot be salvaged need to be transported to the cytoplasm by the ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathways. However, if the ERAD cannot handle the misfolded proteins, the cell activates the unfolded protein response or UPR to adjust the protein folding...
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:30

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, also known as CRRT, is a procedural treatment for acute kidney injury (AKI) that gradually removes uremic toxins and fluids while maintaining acid-base balance and stabilizing electrolytes. It is particularly useful for hemodynamically unstable patients. Unlike intermittent hemodialysis, which is faster, CRRT provides a gentler approach over 24 hours, closely mimicking the function of natural kidneys. However, CRRT is not ideal for patients with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

C-reactive protein and uremia.

Christoph Wanner1, Christiane Drechsler, Vera Krane

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany. wanner_c@medizin.uni-wuerzburg.de

Seminars in Dialysis
|August 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Chronic inflammation is common in dialysis patients due to multiple factors. While C-reactive protein (CRP) indicates inflammation and aids risk stratification, it

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Inflammation Biology
  • Cardiovascular Disease

Background:

  • The uremic environment is characterized by chronic inflammation, with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels predicting mortality.
  • Multiple endogenous and exogenous factors contribute to this inflammatory state in dialysis patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes and implications of chronic inflammation in dialysis patients.
  • To evaluate the role of CRP in risk stratification and infection detection.
  • To discuss the limitations of CRP as a specific diagnostic marker.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on inflammation, uremia, and C-reactive protein.
  • Analysis of the predictive value of CRP for mortality and its role in risk stratification.

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Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis
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Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis

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Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
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Published on: June 8, 2022

Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis
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Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis

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  • Examination of potential pharmacologic interventions.

    • Main Results:

    • Elevated CRP levels are prevalent in dialysis patients, predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
    • CRP is useful for vascular risk stratification and identifying infections but is nonspecific in pinpointing causes.
    • Current treatments, including atorvastatin, have not significantly reduced CRP or inflammation.

    Conclusions:

    • Chronic inflammation is a significant issue in dialysis patients, driven by multifactorial causes.
    • CRP is a valuable but nonspecific marker for inflammation and mortality risk in this population.
    • Effective pharmacologic strategies to reduce inflammation in dialysis patients are still lacking.