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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

SECONDs Administration Guidelines: A Fast Tool to Assess Consciousness in Brain-injured Patients

SECONDs Administration Guidelines: A Fast Tool to Assess Consciousness in Brain-injured Patients

Published on: February 6, 2021

[Arreflexic coma and MELAS syndrome].

N Muñoz-Guillén¹, R León-López, M J Ferrer-Higueras

¹Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, España. webnoelia9@mixmail.com

Revista Clinica Espanola

|August 28, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by mitochondrial DNA mutations. Early diagnosis and understanding its clinical features are crucial for managing this rare condition.

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

SECONDs Administration Guidelines: A Fast Tool to Assess Consciousness in Brain-injured Patients

SECONDs Administration Guidelines: A Fast Tool to Assess Consciousness in Brain-injured Patients

Published on: February 6, 2021

Area of Science:

Neurology
Genetics
Mitochondrial Diseases

Background:

Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder.
It stems from mutations in mitochondrial DNA, affecting approximately 1 in 5,000 individuals worldwide.
Key features include stroke-like episodes, lactic acidosis, and myopathy.

Observation:

This article details a clinical case of a 31-year-old woman diagnosed with MELAS syndrome.
The patient presented to the Intensive Care Unit with arreflexic coma.
Cardinal symptoms like severe headache, seizures, and early-onset symptoms (before age 40) are common in MELAS.

Findings:

Diagnosis of MELAS is confirmed via genetic testing or muscle biopsy showing ragged-red fibers.
The disease is characterized by mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes.
Prognosis for MELAS patients is generally poor, often leading to early mortality.

Implications:

This case highlights the severe presentation and progression of MELAS syndrome.
Understanding the genetic basis and clinical manifestations is vital for early intervention.
Further research into MELAS treatment strategies is warranted to improve patient outcomes.