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Related Concept Videos

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
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Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
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Plant hormones—or phytohormones—are chemical molecules that modulate one or more physiological processes of a plant. In animals, hormones are often produced in specific glands and circulated via the circulatory system. However, plants lack hormone-producing glands.
Plant Hormones01:56

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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Rapid Analysis of Circadian Phenotypes in Arabidopsis Protoplasts Transfected with a Luminescent Clock Reporter
07:42

Rapid Analysis of Circadian Phenotypes in Arabidopsis Protoplasts Transfected with a Luminescent Clock Reporter

Published on: September 17, 2016

Time for circadian rhythms: plants get synchronized.

Paloma Más1, Marcelo J Yanovsky

  • 1Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Consortium CSIC-IRTA-UAB, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain. pmmgmc@ibmb.csic.es

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|August 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Plants use an internal circadian clock to synchronize daily and seasonal changes, influencing processes like flowering time. This clock also regulates non-coding RNAs and shows diverse synchronization mechanisms across plant tissues.

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Chronobiology
  • Molecular genetics

Background:

  • Organisms utilize endogenous circadian clocks for physiological and metabolic synchronization with environmental cycles.
  • In plants, light and temperature cues modulate the circadian system, impacting rhythmic processes such as flowering time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the comprehensive regulatory role of the circadian clock in plants.
  • To investigate the orchestration of gene expression and non-coding RNA oscillations by the circadian clock.
  • To examine the diverse mechanisms and communication pathways involved in plant circadian synchronization.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene expression patterns in Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • Investigation of rhythmic oscillations in introns, intergenic regions, and noncoding RNAs.
  • Review of recent evidence on localized oscillators within plant tissues.

Main Results:

  • The circadian clock in Arabidopsis thaliana regulates not only protein-coding genes but also noncoding RNAs, introns, and intergenic regions.
  • Evidence suggests the presence of distinct circadian oscillators in different plant parts.
  • Diverse communication channels are involved in maintaining circadian synchronization.

Conclusions:

  • The plant circadian clock exhibits a broader regulatory scope than previously understood, extending to non-coding genomic elements.
  • Understanding localized oscillators and communication networks is crucial for deciphering plant circadian synchronization.
  • This research highlights the complexity of circadian regulation in plants, impacting development and physiology.