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Related Concept Videos

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Rapid Repetition Rate Fluctuation Measurement of Soliton Crystals in a Microresonator
07:42

Rapid Repetition Rate Fluctuation Measurement of Soliton Crystals in a Microresonator

Published on: December 15, 2021

High-repetition-rate CF(4) laser.

J Telle

    Optics Letters
    |August 28, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel 16-micrometer carbon tetrafluoride (CF(4)) laser oscillator achieved efficient operation at 1 kHz. This advancement in infrared laser technology requires minimal pump energy, demonstrating a significant step in laser development.

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    Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies
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    Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies

    Published on: December 18, 2015

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    Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies
    09:38

    Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies

    Published on: December 18, 2015

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Laser Physics
    • Infrared Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Carbon tetrafluoride (CF(4)) lasers are valuable tools for infrared applications.
    • Developing efficient and compact laser oscillators is crucial for advancing spectroscopic techniques.
    • Previous CF(4) laser systems often required higher pump energies or complex configurations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a highly efficient 16-micrometer CF(4) laser oscillator.
    • To investigate the performance of a CF(4) laser at a 1 kHz repetition rate.
    • To reduce the required pump energy for CF(4) laser operation.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a cooled static cell for CF(4) gas medium.
    • Employed a multiple-pass, off-axis, two-mirror ring resonator design.
    • Pumped the oscillator using a low-pressure, Q-switched, continuous-wave discharge CO(2) laser.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved stable laser operation at 16 micrometers (615 cm(-1)) with a 1 kHz repetition rate.
    • Required low pump energies, as low as 60 microJoules, from the CO(2) laser.
    • Exceeded 300 microwatts of output power at the specified wavelength and repetition rate.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed CF(4) laser oscillator offers high efficiency and low power requirements.
    • The ring resonator configuration and cooled cell contribute to improved laser performance.
    • This system represents a significant advancement for compact and efficient infrared laser sources.