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Related Concept Videos

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
Hormones of the Adrenal Glands01:31

Hormones of the Adrenal Glands

Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and corticosterone...
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis01:37

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

A Hyperandrogenic Mouse Model to Study Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
08:20

A Hyperandrogenic Mouse Model to Study Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Published on: October 2, 2018

Hyperaldosteronism and hyperprogesteronism in a cat.

Katherine Briscoe1, Vanessa R Barrs, Darren F Foster

  • 1Valentine Charlton Cat Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
|August 29, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This case study details a cat with concurrent hyperaldosteronism and hyperprogesteronism, presenting with hair loss and muscle wasting. Early recognition of adrenal tumors is crucial for managing these complex feline endocrine disorders.

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Primary Culture of Rat Adrenocortical Cells and Assays of Steroidogenic Functions
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Primary Culture of Rat Adrenocortical Cells and Assays of Steroidogenic Functions
04:33

Primary Culture of Rat Adrenocortical Cells and Assays of Steroidogenic Functions

Published on: March 12, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • This report describes the second known case of concurrent hyperaldosteronism and hyperprogesteronism in a cat.
  • Adrenal tumors can lead to complex endocrine imbalances, requiring clinical vigilance.

Observation:

  • A 14-year-old cat presented with progressive hair loss, muscle wasting, hind limb weakness, and hypertension.
  • Clinical signs included a pot-bellied appearance, skin fragility, symmetrical alopecia, and a gallop rhythm.
  • Abdominal ultrasound revealed a large left adrenal mass.

Findings:

  • Primary hyperaldosteronism was diagnosed via elevated plasma aldosterone and normal plasma renin activity.
  • Hyperprogesteronism was confirmed through an adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation test.
  • Biochemical abnormalities included azotaemia, hypochloridaemia, hypokalaemia, metabolic alkalosis, and elevated creatine kinase.

Implications:

  • Concurrent hyperaldosteronism and hyperprogesteronism should be considered in cats with adrenal tumors and related clinical signs.
  • Neoplastic cells in the adrenal gland may concurrently secrete aldosterone and progesterone, or overproduce progesterone from zona glomerulosa cells.
  • This case highlights the importance of recognizing and diagnosing rare dual endocrine conditions in feline oncology and endocrinology.