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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...
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Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
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Fast two-dimensional detection for X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy using the PILATUS detector.

Fabian Westermeier1, Tina Autenrieth, Christian Gutt

  • 1Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, HASYLAB, 22607 Hamburg, Germany. fabian.westermeier@desy.de

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
|August 29, 2009
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Summary

New X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy experiments utilize the fast PILATUS detector. This enables studying millisecond dynamics and low-scattering samples with high signal-to-noise ratios, overcoming limitations of older detectors.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (XPCS) probes dynamic processes in materials.
  • Traditional detectors like CCDs have slow readout times, limiting XPCS to slower dynamics.
  • There is a need for faster detectors to access faster dynamics and samples with low scattering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the first XPCS experiments using the fast single-photon-counting PILATUS detector.
  • To assess the capabilities of PILATUS for studying dynamics in the millisecond range.
  • To evaluate the performance of PILATUS for samples with low scattering power.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the PILATUS single-photon-counting detector for XPCS measurements.
  • Performed experiments to measure intensity autocorrelation functions.
  • Compared performance with traditional charge-coupled device (CCD) detectors.

Main Results:

  • Successfully conducted XPCS experiments with the PILATUS detector.
  • Achieved access to dynamics in the millisecond range, previously difficult to study.
  • Demonstrated measurements with an unprecedented signal-to-noise ratio, even for low-scattering samples.
  • Observed no readout noise, a key advantage of the PILATUS detector.

Conclusions:

  • The PILATUS detector is highly effective for advanced XPCS studies.
  • Enables investigation of fast dynamics and weakly scattering materials.
  • Offers significant improvements in signal-to-noise ratio for XPCS measurements.