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Related Concept Videos

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.The length of the branches can depict time or the relative amount of change among organisms. For instance, the branch length might indicate the number of amino acid changes in the sequence that underlies the...
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Microbial Phylogeny01:28

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Understanding the evolutionary relationships among microorganisms is fundamental to microbial ecology and taxonomy. Phylogenetic trees are essential tools for inferring these relationships, relying primarily on comparative analyses of molecular sequences such as DNA, RNA, or proteins. In microbial studies, these trees typically depict the evolutionary paths of diverse bacterial and archaeal species by mapping genetic differences accumulated over time.Phylogenetic trees are composed of tips,...
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The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
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Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
08:57

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Published on: August 14, 2018

Inferring polyploid phylogenies from multiply-labeled gene trees.

Martin Lott1, Andreas Spillner, Katharina T Huber

  • 1School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. martinl@cmp.uea.ac.uk

BMC Evolutionary Biology
|September 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary

We developed a new heuristic method to create consensus trees from multiply-labeled gene trees, which are common in polyploid species evolution. This approach simplifies complex evolutionary history reconstruction for plants like Silene.

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Area of Science:

  • Phylogenetics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Reconstructing polyploid species' evolutionary history often yields multiply-labeled gene trees.
  • Multiply-labeled trees complicate consensus tree construction compared to standard phylogenetic trees.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel method for computing consensus trees from multiply-labeled gene trees.
  • To address the computational challenges in inferring evolutionary relationships of polyploid organisms.

Main Methods:

  • A heuristic approach is proposed for consensus tree computation.
  • The method clusters gene trees and inserts them based on support, prioritizing highly supported clusters.
  • A heuristic algorithm is developed to overcome the computational hardness of inserting clusters into multiply-labeled trees.

Main Results:

  • A new method for constructing consensus trees from multiply-labeled gene trees is introduced.
  • The heuristic approach provides a practical solution for a computationally challenging problem.

Conclusions:

  • The method's applicability is demonstrated using real-world data from the plant genus Silene.
  • The study highlights the utility of the developed method for analyzing allopolyploid evolutionary histories.