Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...

Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Protein S-glutathionylation: from current basics to targeted modifications.

Archives of physiology and biochemistry·2014

Same author

An outlook on vascular hydrogen sulphide effects, signalling, and therapeutic potential.

Archives of physiology and biochemistry·2013

Same author

Irbesartan administration therapeutically influences circulating endothelial progenitor cell and microparticle mobilization by involvement of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

European journal of pharmacology·2013

Same author

Circulating endothelial progenitor cell and platelet microparticle impact on platelet activation in hypertension associated with hypercholesterolemia.

PloS one·2013

Same author

Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the on site function of resident PTP1B.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications·2012

Same author

Intraplatelet oxidative/nitrative stress: inductors, consequences, and control.

Trends in cardiovascular medicine·2012

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

An Ex Vivo Tissue Culture Model for Fibrovascular Complications in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

An Ex Vivo Tissue Culture Model for Fibrovascular Complications in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Published on: January 25, 2019

Vascular PTPs: current developments and challenges for exploitation in Type 2 diabetes-associated vascular

¹Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology N. Simionescu, 050568 Bucharest, Romania. doina.popov@icbp.ro

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

|September 1, 2009

Summary

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (PTPs) are crucial for vascular health. Type 2 diabetes disrupts PTPs, leading to vascular dysfunction, but PTPs may offer therapeutic targets.

More Related Videos

Assessing Endothelial Vasodilator Function with the Endo-PAT 2000

Assessing Endothelial Vasodilator Function with the Endo-PAT 2000

Published on: October 15, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

An Ex Vivo Tissue Culture Model for Fibrovascular Complications in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

An Ex Vivo Tissue Culture Model for Fibrovascular Complications in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Published on: January 25, 2019

Assessing Endothelial Vasodilator Function with the Endo-PAT 2000

Assessing Endothelial Vasodilator Function with the Endo-PAT 2000

Published on: October 15, 2010

Area of Science:

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Vascular Biology
Endocrinology

Background:

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (PTPs) regulate vascular cell signaling by balancing kinase activity.
Type 2 diabetes complications like hyperglycemia and oxidative stress disrupt this balance, altering PTPs.
This leads to abnormal protein phosphorylation and vascular dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent findings on PTPs in vascular cells.
To examine PTP oxidation and activity changes in diabetes.
To explore PTPs as therapeutic targets for diabetic vascular complications.

Main Methods:

Literature review of receptor and non-receptor PTPs.
Analysis of studies on PTPs in endothelial and smooth muscle cells.
Synthesis of data on PTP dysregulation in diabetic conditions.

Main Results:

PTPs play a vital role in maintaining normal vascular cell function.
Diabetic insults significantly alter PTP expression, activity, and substrate interactions.
Oxidative stress and phosphorylation impact PTPs in vascular cells.

Conclusions:

PTPs are key players in vascular health and are dysregulated in Type 2 diabetes.
Understanding PTP alterations in diabetes is crucial for addressing vascular complications.
PTPs and their inhibitors represent promising therapeutic avenues for diabetic vascular disease.