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Is banara really a word?

Xiaomei Qiao¹, Kenneth Forster, Naoko Witzel

¹Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States of America. xqiao@email.arizona.edu

|September 1, 2009

Summary

Novel word learning did not impede recognition of similar words as previously thought. The study found no evidence of lexical competition, challenging prior assumptions about word recognition processes.

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Psycholinguistics
Experimental Psychology

Background:

Previous research suggested novel word learning could interfere with recognizing similar existing words.
This interference was interpreted as evidence for lexical competition during word recognition.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether learning novel nonwords (e.g., banara) leads to lexical competition affecting the recognition of visually similar real words (e.g., banana).
To test the hypothesis that interference observed in prior studies was due to word-on-word competition.

Main Methods:

Participants were trained to type novel nonwords.
Masked form priming experiments were conducted to measure priming effects between trained nonwords and similar real words.
Priming was assessed on consecutive days of training.

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Main Results:

Trained novel words showed equivalent priming effects compared to untrained nonwords.
This effect remained consistent across the first and second days of training.
No reduction or elimination of priming was observed, contrary to predictions of lexical competition.

Conclusions:

The interference observed in previous studies is unlikely to stem from direct word-on-word competition.
The findings challenge the interpretation that novel word learning automatically leads to lexical competition.
Alternative explanations for interference effects in word recognition may be necessary.