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Teeth

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...

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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Permanent Teeth by Using Two Different Methods

Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Permanent Teeth by Using Two Different Methods

Published on: November 24, 2012

Microarray evaluation of age-related changes in human dental pulp.

Michelangelo Tranasi¹, Maria Teresa Sberna, Vincenzo Zizzari

¹Department of Oral Science University "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy.

Journal of Endodontics

|September 2, 2009

Summary

Aging dental pulp shows increased apoptosis and decreased cell differentiation. Gene expression analysis reveals key molecular differences between young and old pulp, offering insights into dental tissue aging mechanisms.

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Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Human Deciduous and Permanent Teeth

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Published on: May 17, 2024

Area of Science:

Oral biology
Molecular genetics
Dental research

Background:

Dental pulp undergoes age-related histological changes influenced by cellular activity and extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules.
These changes impact tissue differentiation, calcified tissue formation, and immune responses.
Understanding the genetic basis of these modifications is crucial for comprehending pulp aging.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the genetic changes underlying the histological modifications of aging human dental pulp.
To compare gene expression profiles between young and older individuals' dental pulp.

Main Methods:

RNA microarray analysis to compare gene expression in human dental pulp from young and older subjects.
Statistical analysis using Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA).
Validation of results using semiquantitative and real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Main Results:

Microarray analysis identified differentially expressed genes related to growth factors, transcription, apoptosis, and ECM.
Young dental pulp exhibited higher expression of genes involved in cell/tissue differentiation, development, proliferation, and immune functions.
Older dental pulp showed a significantly higher expression of the apoptosis pathway.

Conclusions:

Gene expression profiling is a valuable tool for studying human dental pulp aging.
This approach aids in understanding mechanisms of differentiation, growth, and aging in both physiological and pathological conditions.
The study highlights distinct molecular pathways associated with dental pulp aging, particularly increased apoptosis in older individuals.