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Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or basic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Published on: February 23, 2017

Directional-coupler power divider by two-step K(+)-ion exchange.

G L Yip, J Finak

|September 2, 2009

Summary

This study introduces a novel directional-coupler power divider using a two-step potassium-ion (K(+)) exchange method. The device demonstrates effective power division and high extinction ratios with tunable performance via dielectric cladding.

Area of Science:

Optoelectronics
Materials Science
Photonics

Background:

Directional couplers are fundamental components in photonic integrated circuits.
Achieving precise control over coupling and power division is crucial for device performance.
Existing fabrication methods may require stringent dimensional control.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and experimentally investigate a directional-coupler power divider.
To explore the feasibility of using a two-step K(+)-ion exchange fabrication process.
To assess the performance metrics, including coupling, power division, and extinction ratios.

Main Methods:

Preliminary design calculations were performed.
A directional-coupler power divider was fabricated using a two-step K(+)-ion exchange process.

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

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Published on: February 23, 2017

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Experimental measurements were conducted to evaluate coupling, power division, and extinction ratios.

Main Results:

Successful coupling was achieved with considerable dimensional relaxation.
Measurements confirmed the power-dividing characteristics of the fabricated device.
The extinction ratios were found to be significant.

Conclusions:

The two-step K(+)-ion exchange method is a viable technique for fabricating directional-coupler power dividers.
The proposed device offers relaxed dimensional tolerances for fabrication.
Fine-tuning of the device performance is achievable by applying a thin dielectric cladding.